The Perception of Africa as a Single Entity Essay - 708 Words

Looking at Africa as a single entity has been an issue facing how the world perceives it. When news of Africa hits the stands it is rarely talking about specific places but rather a story about the whole of Africa. Viewing Africa as a single thing has lead most of the world, especially Western cultures, to see it in a generalized way which has led to a negative stereotype of Africa and its people. During the time of European expansion, many in Europe only knew of Africa, though the letters of self-appointed anthropologist and adventurers who described Africa as a dark continent; the people were dark skinned and primitive; they worshiped idols and practiced mysticism. This was evident in the way that British colonist described the†¦show more content†¦They were to the European simple people but useful. The boarders that were created meshed together different tribal groups, all with their own customs that made them distinct from one another. Ignorant to seeing this or pe rhaps just uncaring, the colonists and missionaries then moved toward civilizing the Africans by wiping them clean of their identity and instilling into them a new identity. Their reasoning was to bring the Africans into the modern world and to make them useful. These motives of course were not simply to help the African people but turn them into a labor force. This movement was fueled by the belief that the Africans were in nature primitive people and in need of help. Just like James Ferguson said â€Å"Western societies have found in Africa a radical other for their own constructions of civilization, enlightenment, progress, development, modernity, and, indeed, history† Africa was a place that was seen as a means to judge the standards of western progress and culture (Ferguson 2). This meant that Africa and the people who lived there were reduced to a lower standing on the social ladder. Africa was a testing ground for western nations to test their ability to bring cu lture to the uncultured. Even today most of the world judges their way of life, their culture, and prosperity based on how they compare to a 3rd world country like Africa. TheShow MoreRelatedUnilever N. V Case Study1209 Words   |  5 PagesMiddle East, and Africa. In 2016, Unilever indicated a revenue of EUR52713 million (Unilever, 2017) which represents a drop by 1 percent from 2015. The company’s operating margin was also 14.8 percent in comparison with an operating margin of 14.1 percent in 2015 fiscal year. Currently, the company functions as a dual-listed organization that has two parent firms, Unilever N.V and Unilever PLC. Unilever N.V is registered in England and Wales. These two firms function as a single entity. Unilever in conjunctionRead MoreWhy Are Intra State Conflicts So Difficult? 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This spread of values, norms, and culture tends to promote Western ideals of capitalism.† Arguably, a global culture creates a global economy through the forces of technological advancement IRead MoreHow The Idea Of Africa1822 Words   |  8 PagesExamine how the idea of Africa was invented . What is meant by ‘Africa’? A number of questions come up when trying to define it; is it geographic? Or can Africa be considered a racial definition? Is Africa even one single entity capable of being defined? There is a predominant idea that there is something different or strange about the continent, that it is violent, alien and savage . This false idea has been invented . At what point did African otherness become the norm? I will argueRead MoreInternational Convergence Of Accounting Standards1494 Words   |  6 Pagesplay an important role in accounting industry as they have the power to shape national economies. 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By promotingRead MoreThe Media s Choice Of A Desert2122 Words   |  9 Pages After the message was interpreted at the Reproduction stage. The dominant audience does not just get the message of the film, but they also get to connect to the ideology behind the production of the film. And as it reinforces, the stereotype of Africa, it also helps sharpen those stereotypes. The African people, particularly Nigerians, rejected the message after interpreting the message .In a letter written to Sony Pictures Entertainment by the Nigeria embassy in D.C, the embassy demanded the withdrawal

Persuasive Essay Smoking - 995 Words

Over the past years, the number of smokers has been on the rise. In today’s society, they are given the tools to be aware of harmful it can be, yet they still chose to do it. Smoking is a force of habit, it is a choice a person makes either to participate or not but it becomes outrageously addictive. The person choosing to smoke may not realize that they are not just harming themselves but they are also harming the ones surrounded by them. It has a negative effect on the people around the smoker because when the nicotine gets in the air it becomes hard to breathe and it travels amongst people faster than they realize. Smoking should be banned in all public places due to the bad influences, healthier lifestyles, and negative effect on†¦show more content†¦If a woman who is expecting a child is smoking or who has a young child, that child will be in danger of asthma attacks, respiratory infections, and even infant death syndrome. â€Å"Regulations have been laid in the UK parliament which will lead to making smoking in cars carrying children illegal in England,† Secondhand smoke also affects adults, it can result in lung cancer or cardiovascular diseases. A ban on smoking would protect the public from passive smoking. If smoking in public was banned it would promote healthier lifestyles for everyone. Although the smoker is the one choosing to put those harmful chemicals into their body, if a child lives in the house with that person it can become very dangerous for that child. He or she will be more prone to asthma attacks and their immune system will even become weaker. Therefore if smoking was banned, it would promote healthier lifestyles for everyone. Some communities have already put a ban on smoking in public areas. In 2005 Washington State made it illegal to smoke in public and they have to come to the agreement that it has helped their community by taking this action. â€Å"The law is meant to protect both the public and employees from exposure to secondhand smoke.† Generally when a person is smoking outside a store or restaurant once they finish their cigarette they throw the bud on the ground. Not only are they puttingShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay Smoking885 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as smoking. People smoke for numerous reasons. These reasons include: socializing, coping with emotions, parental influences, advertising, and for the thrill of risk taking behaviors. In consequence, many people are unaware of the negative aspects to smoking. Smoking not only affects the individual but has negative impacts on others that are around the smoker and the environment as well. In result of these harmful aspects of smoking, smoking should be banned in public places. Smoking shouldRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking911 Words   |  4 Pages Do you know anyone that has/does suffer from a smoking related issue, that has never even touched a cigarette in their life? The problems that develop from smoking a cigarette are widely known and many people think it is harmful to smoke, but people never think about the harmful effects from inhaling second-hand smoke. Many smokers smoke in public areas every day. Not only are they inhaling all of the deadly chemicals, but so is everyone else around them. Being around a smoker too often and inhalingRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking929 Words   |  4 Pages Have you ever wondered why people continue to smoke cigarettes although they are aware that it is harmful for them and the people around them? 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However, luckily vaporizers have become a huge trend in the smoking world. â€Å"About 3.7% of adults currentlyRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking707 Words   |  3 PagesThe sound of a cough rings throughout the park. The foul stench of thousands of chemicals wafts through the air. Peering around, the culprit is spotted; a man smoking on a nearby bench. Smoking has long since been regarded as one of the number one avoidable causes of death (Pietrangelo Cherney, 2017). Tobacco is one of the most widely-used recreational drugs in the world and although most countries put age restrictions on its use, over a billion adults smoke tobacco legally every day. As wellRead MoreSmoking Persuasive Essay778 Words   |  4 Pagesworldwide start smoking every day, and almost half of those children live in Asia. Its estimated that nearly 4.5 million United States youth are smokers, and if this current pattern persists, about 6.4 tobacco-using children will die prematurely from a smoking-related disease. From those 80,000 to 100,000 children about 50% of them will continue smoking for another decade or two. These kids help make up the 90% of smokers that started before age 21. The youth that has and will start smoking will haveRead MorePersuasive Essay on Smoking883 Words   |  4 Pages      The Adversities of Smoking. Smoking and even second hand smoking can lead to fatal diseases such as, lung cancer, cancer of the larynx, esophagus, and bladder diseases. http://www1.umn.edu/perio ltobacco/secondhandsmoke.html / smoking is hazardous enough to an individual’s health and it’s even more disturbing when people are exposed to dangers caused by smoking. The tobacco company however, had thought false labeling would help the situation when all it has done is worsen the case. The tobaccoRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking1236 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, smoking cigarettes has led to higher risks of developing different kinds of cancers and other health problems. 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The simple answer to this question is â€Å"Yes† only if the personRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking853 Words   |  4 Pages Cigarette smoking has become the number one cause of preventable diseases and deaths in the United States. While many are aware of that fact, more than 45 million Americans still participate in the activity of smoking. Approximately 480,000 deaths occur annually as an aftermath from smoking†”meaning 1 in every 5 deaths (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Furthermore, a heavy smoker, smoking an average of 20 cigarettes to a pack each day, dies 13 to 14 years earlier. Smoking is an all-in-one

The Spelling Bee free essay sample

â€Å"And the last word is†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦my 5th grade teacher was Mrs. Alice Stewart and she was a firecracker. She assured me that doing the spelling bee at my elementary school would make me a shoe in for the student Beta Team there. The Beta Team is an organization whose duty is to promote the ideals of academic achievement, character, service and leadership among elementary and secondary school students; through debate, theater, and dance. I favored Mrs. Stewart; she was so much more than a smiling face to me, and of course I agreed. When I made it home that day, I had realized I made a terrible mistake. There was no way I was going to win that spelling bee with Aaron, the smartest boy in the world as one of my competitors. I said to myself, â€Å"I should just drop out†, after throwing my book bag to the floor. I fell back and sunk into my bed, trying to figure out how to tell Mrs. Stewart I didn’t want to participate anymore, and not only that, but a good lie as to why. I couldn’t tell her the truth, she would just ignore it with a light smile and say, â€Å"Awe, just do your best†, but what if my best wasn’t good enough? I refused to be embarrassed. I had to think of something, and quick, it was only a few days away. The next day walking into school felt like a jungle; I was trying to avoid the beast, and in this case the beast was Mrs. Stewart. I figure if she didn’t see me at all today, which meant skipping her class, I could come to school the next day and tell her I was sick and wouldn’t be able to participant in the contest. On my way to my hideout, the girls’ bathroom, my ears tuned in on an interesting conversation coming from Mr. Brooks, the other English teacher, and the smartest boy in the world’s teacher, classroom. â€Å"Look Aaron if you think you’ve forgotten a word or how to spell it, look at me, I’ll be in the audience,† Mr. Brooks spoke, â€Å"Yes sir,† Aaron replied. I couldn’t believe it, Aaron Macano is a cheater, I thought. As I continued to my secret hideout, I felt someone tap me on my shoulder, â€Å"Going somewhere?† just hearing her voice made my skin crawl at this point. â€Å"Hey Mrs. Stewart†, I managed to murmur out in a distasteful voice. â€Å"Is there a problem? Are you ready for the spelling bee?† Just when I was about to tell her IM OUT, the thought watered my brain like an unexpected storm. Aaron Macano isn’t smart, he just pretends to be, â€Å"Of course I’m ready Mrs. Stewart†, and I spoke with a smile. After my encounter with Mrs. Stewart, I went to get the list of words for the spelling bee; I wanted to study my brains out, because I really wanted that position in the Beta Club. I only had a day or two to study so I did whatever it took. Writing all 40 words into a song; â€Å"I’m gonna win, I’m, I’m, I’m gonna win†, I sung to myself as I made my way on the bus. Usually the bus was as loud as a concert, but today you could hear a feather drop. Walking down the aisle felt as though I was walking down cell blocks; I’ve never been in a prison before, but I was sure this was the same feeling â€Å"fresh meat† got when they entered. I found a sit next to the â€Å"quite girl†, as we called her, however her name was Katelyn. I spoke, but she didn’t reply, she just sat there, doodling all over her notebook. I couldn’t help, but be nosey, and realized, Hey, those are the same words I’m studying for the spelling bee, wonder if she’s in the contest. At my stop, I pranced off the bus, humming, â€Å"I’m gonna win â€Å", in tune. As I entered my room I could picture the spelling bee trophy sitting right next to the shelf that would become my Beta Club shelf, filled with all my many awards that would be placed there. I had always wanted to be in the Beta Club since 1st grade, and here I was in the 4th grade working towards it, as if it didn’t take long enough already. Plus, just the thought of being on stage, performing in front of people made me feel like a celebrity. I smiled at the thought of everybody clapping and cheering as I leave off-stage from a marvelous performance. â€Å"Encore, encore†, that’s what people would screamed as I head off stage. Yeah I’ll be famous; I thought as I fell back on my bed and dosed of to sleep. It was the big day, and the gym had been decorated to look completely different. There were red ribbons on each chair, placed on the wooden stage that sat in the middle of the floor, with forty total. I didn’t know there would be those many participants. On the sides of the room, there were long tables, filled with cookies, cakes, chips, punch, and more. Although I was very disappointed after I found out it was for after the spelling bee. â€Å"Those are refreshments; please take your place on stage young lady†, the director, Mrs. Mixon strongly stated, â€Å"Ugh†, I pouted as I made my way to the stage. â€Å"Ladies and Gentlemen, parents and friends the moment we’ve all been waiting on, let’s start this contest†, the host announced. As the crowd clapped and cheered, we prepared ourselves, even though I knew I had this in the bag. We had been no more than 10 minutes into it, when I couldn’t help, but notice some old woman getting pushed in, in a wheelchair. She looked like a witch and honestly she gave me the creeps. However, I continued to sing my â€Å"words† song in my head, repetitiously. After about 30 minutes into it 15 people had already been eliminated. I was beginning to become nervous now, because I was the only one standing on my row. Plus, it was hard to concentrate with angry parents upset about their child’s dismissal from the competition. At the 30 minute mark they allowed us to get water or juice at one of the near-by tables, now on solid ground, I could help, but ask who the old woman was. A nearby-stander heard me puzzling over her identity, and approached me. â€Å"That’s quite girl’s grandmother†, they spoke and walked away. â€Å"Wonder why she’s here†, I didn’t realize I spoke out loud until somebody replied, â€Å"She’s dying and wanted to see her granddaughter win the spelling bee.† I couldn’t believe it; I quickly finished my cup, and headed back onstage. The competition was slowly decreasing, and at the 59 minute mark only 3 stood, Aaron, Katelyn, and I. â€Å"Aaron please spell belligerent,† the judges the spoke. â€Å"Uhm†, he spoke as I could see him searching the room for Mr. Brooks, who seem to have been missing, â€Å"B, e, l, l, i, t, g, e, r, a, n, t, bellitgerant†. â€Å"Sorry, that is incorrect†. The whole room gasped, and I did so myself, even though I knew he was a dirty cheat. I wanted so bad to smile as he took the walk of shame. Cheaters never win, I thought as I watched him leave the stage. â€Å"Precious spell the word belligerent†, they asked. â€Å"B, e, l, l, i, g, e, r, e, n, t, belligerent†, I spoke with a smile. â€Å"That’s correct†. I know, I thought as a cockiness begun to fill me; that beta position is so mine. â€Å"And the last word is†¦..tantamount.† Katelyn had stepped up to the microphone and spelled the word correctly. Well guess weà ¢â‚¬â„¢re going into overtime, I thought as they gave another word, patronize. I know this, I thought to myself as I begun to spell the word, and looked out to the crowd and there she was, that creepy, old wicked lady, looking dead at me. I could win this thing, I thought, I really could, just then I opened my mouth and begun to spell, â€Å"P, a, t, r, o, n, i, z, z, patronize†, I replied with a smile. â€Å"Sorry, that is incorrect, ladies and gentlemen our winner of the elementary spelling bee, Mrs. Katelyn†. So I took the â€Å"walk of shame†, but I had learnt a valuable lesson that day, what maybe minor in your life, can be major in somebody’s else life; I just bet her grandmother was so proud of her. On the way home I thought about a lot of stuff, the way Aaron had tried to cheat, I begun to wonder about how many time he had in fact cheated. I thought about the Beta Club and the position that I so badly wanted. Well guess I won’t be in the Beta Club this year neither, I thought to myself as I had become closer to my house. But I told myself it was for a good reason, I had felt good about losing the competition, I caught a glimpse of her grandmother’s face has I took my, â€Å"walk of shame†, and she didn’t look so wicked and creepy. Her face was glowing and it looked as though her skin had rejuvenated, and a kool-laid smile had grown across her face. I caught myself smiling at the thought of the old lady’s happiness, she isn’t half bad, I thought to myself. When I got to my room I looked at the shelf I had reserved for my spelling bee trophy and Beta Club awards, and found myself talking to it. â€Å"Maybe next year, buddy, maybe next y ear†. The next day, the school bus was back to being the chaotic bus I’m used to. Everybody was talking, sharing stories, and reviewing homework. As I was taking my place in the back at an empty seat, I noticed something. â€Å"Quite girl†, wasn’t being quite at all today, everybody was asking her about the spelling bee. â€Å"Was it hard†, one boy asked, â€Å"Did you have to spell a long word with like a zillions letters†, another girl asked. I changed the world I smiled to myself with a cockiness, ugh I do so much, I thought as an inside joke between me and myself. At school, during one of my classes, a teacher came in and asks to speak to me outside the room. â€Å"Precious, I know what you did†, she said. â€Å"Ugh, I didn’t do anything†, I quickly responded believing that I was in trouble. â€Å"You let Katelyn win, that was sweet of you, and that was definitely Beta material†, she said with a light smile. My heart felt as though as if it had hit the pit of my stomach. â€Å"Are you saying what I think your saying?† I could barely compose myself, â€Å"Yes you are definitely Beta material†, she stated eyeing Mrs. Stewart, who had appeared out of nowhere. â€Å"Yep, you are really something special†, Mrs. Stewart added. â€Å"Really, thanks, thank the both of you and I promise I won’t let neither of you down or the Beta Club, I promise, I promise I promise†. When I made it home that day, I was filled with excitement, I ran to my room threw my book-bag in a nearby counter and jumped in my bed. â€Å"YES, YES!!† I was definitely the happiest person in the world at this time, I felt as though I was sitting on cloud 9. After my small celebration, I looked over at my shelf with a smiling face, and thought, Wow who would have thought, so much could change, thanks to The Spelling Bee.

Trinity Patterson Essays - Fleek, Phrase, Indefinite Pronoun

Trinity Patterson January 6th, 2016 American Literature Period 5 Mr. McCarty 5 Most Overused Words in 2015 Fleek/Slay(age) - Usually used to described something on point, or something that has exceptional quality. For example, when someone first gets their eyebrows done, they most likely look amazing afterwards. Making them, on fleek, or fleeky, or slayed. Some people say, "the slayage is real". But this word should be banished because it is entirely overused. Now everything is on fleek. Something as simple as a starbucks cup could have a new design and be on fleek. Not really.-704849285750495300047625 4953000114300 Salty - This word is used to d escribe someone that is upset at a funny event that happened affecting them. Asking them if they are salty or not. But after a while it's kind of annoying when someone asks you. Making you even angrier than you already are. -84772447625 Can't Even/Odd - This phrase is said when something funny happens, or if you're in a bad mood and can't handle the situation. In other words " I CAN'T EVEN!" When someone says this, at first, the response is "what happened?", or "what's the matter?". But now it's just obnoxious. -7524741466850 Got Me Like - This phrase is used when describing how someone feels. For example, "finals got me like", or "school got me like". Obviously the whole twitter platform feels the same about finals because that pictur e got one million retweets. So I think we should stop using this in 2016. "WHAT ARE THOOOSEEE" - This phrase came up on twitter in early february of 2015, and hasn't gone away yet. This phrase is basically an indication that your shoes are beat up and n o longer need to be on your feet. This phrase is also letting you know that your shoe game is on absolute zero. So go get some new shoes bud. Or just beg this generation to leave this in 2015. -80009922860054483009525 Citations for pictures http://1wdojq181if3tdg01yomaof86.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/onfleek.jpg https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD8YQXc2nuv4XHxCNaqxMFniZds0jVRgSD_3ppUjPfTWS1lJNHLIa0b6LDx1UP5KlW_uEv9OSDHWpkQr6fd5gtIKQoogAjfRuhydPzDUeh8y2nY7Uuv_wqZ7m89Xr2bdYetJf9_72zNoc/s1600/Slay.png http://www.kappit.com/img/p ics/201503_1022_ddifd_sm.jpg http://45.media.tumblr.com/436dff53f15d9f7f10b675a40faf1ce3/tumblr_ncbd1dtKCz1tv4k5po1_500.gif http://i1.wp.com/fusiondotnet.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=1200%2C630quality=80strip=all http://cdn.meme.am/instances/61764997.jpg http://40.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m1glkrGIgm1ql6vduo1_500.jpg https://scontent.cdninstagram.com/hphotos-xat1/t51.2885-15/s320x320/e15/11325160_379482978922943_362349020_n.jpg

Marketing Strategy Essay

Marketing Strategy Essay Marketing Strategy Essay Marketing Strategy Enron - The Smartest Guy in the Room Enron was once the seventh largest company in the world, they were even featured in fortune magazine as America’s most innovative company for six years in a row from 1996 to 2001, but somehow they allowed their greed and arrogance to get the better of them. Though they have been successful for many years, it took very little time for them to go bankrupt. Enron’s demise is a result of implementing outrageously unethical and unrealistic strategies such as their â€Å"Mark to Market† strategy, and manipulating situations such as the California electricity crisis; just to name a few of the many unethical things that they engaged in. One of their most outrageous accounting strategies was their mark to market method. This strategy allowed them to forecast what earnings will be in the very distant future and treat those forecasted earnings as current profit. They practiced this despite the fact that those earnings may not be collecte d for many years, neither are they guaranteed. Enron appeared to be very profitable in the public’s eye and their stocks kept increasing in value, but in reality they were sinking deeper and deeper in debt. Enron managed to cook the books through their mark to market strategy. Enron went above and beyond when they manipulated the California electricity system. They took advantage of the state’s deregulated energy market and deliberately created blackouts and shortages in order to increase prices many times more than the current price. California was their way out when they needed profits. Enron’s unethical and outrageous behavior caught up with

Average SAT ACT Scores by State (Participation Adjusted)

Average SAT ACT Scores by State (Participation Adjusted) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Participation rate has a huge impact on state average SAT / ACT scores. In any state, the top students on the SAT/ACT are those most eager to take it, so states with low participation rates have artificiallyhigher SAT / ACT scores. Here, we use advanced statistical methods to adjustfor participation rate to get at the real ranking of states by their real SAT and ACT scores. Both the SAT and the ACT test makers have released data on raw average SAT and ACT scores by state. However, you cannot rely on raw average scores because these averages are biased by participation rates. The lowest participating states tend to send primarily their best students and have the highest scores. This results in bias. We have used advanced, robust statistical methods to adjustfor participation rate to get at the real, underlying, normed average SAT and ACT scores by state. This adjustment in the technical literature is also known as "controlling" or "norming". Hereare the adjusted scores: States Ranked by AverageSAT Scores,Adjusted Rank State Average SAT Score,Adjusted Average New SAT Score,Adjusted Raw Average SAT Score Participation Rate 1 Massachusetts 1694 30 1556 84% 2 Connecticut 1690 26 1525 88% 3 Minnesota 1660 07 1786 6% 4 New Jersey 1655 04 1526 79% 5 Illinois 1652 01 1802 5% 6 New Hampshire 1651 01 1566 70% 7 North Dakota 1649 1099 1816 2% 8 Virginia 1648 1099 1530 73% 9 South Dakota 1648 1099 1792 3% 10 Iowa 1648 1098 1794 3% Wisconsin 1644 1096 1782 4% 12 Vermont 1640 1093 1554 63% 13 Colorado 1635 1090 1735 14% 14 Missouri 1633 1089 1771 4% 15 Michigan 1628 1086 1784 4% 16 Kansas 1621 1081 1753 5% 17 Georgia 1620 1080 1445 77% 18 Indiana 1612 1075 1474 71% 19 Florida 1609 1073 1448 72% 20 Nebraska 1604 1070 1745 4% 21 Wyoming 1600 1067 1762 3% 22 Kentucky 1596 1064 1746 5% 23 New York 1593 1062 1468 76% 24 North Carolina 1592 1062 1483 64% 25 Oregon 1587 1058 1544 48% 26 Maryland 1586 1057 1468 78% 27 Washington 1585 1057 1519 63% 28 Idaho 1585 1056 1364 100% 29 South Carolina 1584 1056 1443 65% 30 Hawaii 1584 1056 1460 63% 31 Tennessee 1581 1054 1714 8% 32 California 1579 1053 1504 60% 33 Ohio 1577 1051 1652 15% 34 Arizona 1568 1045 1547 36% 35 Pennsylvania 1567 1044 1481 71% 36 Oklahoma 1565 1043 1697 5% 37 Rhode Island 1563 1042 1480 73% 38 Montana 1558 1039 1637 18% 39 Alaska 1555 1037 1485 54% 40 Mississippi 1552 1035 1714 3% 41 Arkansas 1551 1034 1698 4% 42 Utah 1540 1027 1690 5% 43 Texas 1539 1026 1432 62% 44 Nevada 1526 1017 1458 54% 45 New Mexico 1524 1016 1617 12% 46 Delaware 1522 1015 1359 100% 47 District of Columbia 1518 1012 1309 100% 48 Louisiana 1517 10 1667 5% 49 Maine 15 1008 1387 96% 50 Alabama 1496 998 1617 7% 51 West Virginia 1444 963 1522 15% Each state is listed with its SAT score adjusted for(controlled for) participation rate. Other columns include the rank of the normed SAT score, the new SAT conversion, the raw SAT score, and the participation rate. The top two states for normed SAT scores are Massachusetts and Connecticut. This isn't a surprise. Both states have relatively large education budgets. Massachusetts (home state of PrepScholar) and Connecticut have some of the best colleges in the USA, and both have a strong emphasis on high school education and test prep. The bottom two states are Alabama and West Virginia. The spread between the top and bottom is more than a whopping 250 points around the same improvement our PrepScholar Online Prep program guarantees. States Ranked by Average ACT Scores,Adjusted Rank State Average ACT Score,Adjusted Raw Average ACT Score Participation Rate 1 Minnesota 23.04 22.9 76% 2 Connecticut 22.93 24.2 29% 3 Massachusetts 22.72 24.3 23% 4 New Hampshire 22.63 24.2 20% 5 Ohio 22.47 22 72% 6 Montana 22.42 20.5 100% 7 Vermont 22.32 23.2 29% 8 Colorado 22.31 20.6 100% 9 New York 22.27 23.4 27% 10 Nebraska 22.20 21.7 86% Wisconsin 22.04 22.2 73% 12 Kansas 22.02 22 75% 13 Utah 21.97 20.8 100% 14 South Dakota 21.93 21.9 78% 15 Illinois 21.87 20.7 100% 16 Missouri 21.80 21.8 76% 17 North Carolina 21.79 18.9 100% 18 Virginia 21.79 22.8 28% 19 New Jersey 21.78 23.1 25% 20 Indiana 21.73 21.9 40% 21 Idaho 21.71 22.4 45% 22 Florida 21.66 19.6 81% 23 Washington 21.60 23 22% 24 North Dakota 21.57 20.6 100% 25 Iowa 21.49 22 68% 26 California 21.41 22.3 29% 27 South Carolina 21.37 20.4 58% 28 Georgia 21.34 20.8 53% 29 Arkansas 21.21 20.4 93% 30 Michigan 21.21 20.1 100% 31 Tennessee 21.16 19.8 100% 32 Wyoming 21.14 20.1 100% 33 Maryland 21.07 22.6 22% 34 Kentucky 21.07 19.9 100% 35 Pennsylvania 21.04 22.7 19% 36 Alabama 21.01 20.6 80% 37 Rhode Island 20.99 22.9 16% 38 Oregon 20.88 21.4 36% 39 Texas 20.78 20.9 40% 40 Nevada 20.76 21.2 36% 41 Hawaii 20.73 18.2 90% 42 Oklahoma 20.72 20.7 75% 43 Delaware 20.69 23.2 18% 44 West Virginia 20.69 20.6 65% 45 Alaska 20.63 21 37% 46 Maine 20.56 23.6 9% 47 District of Columbia 20.41 21.6 37% 48 Louisiana 20.37 19.2 100% 49 Arizona 20.12 19.7 55% 50 Mississippi 20.04 19 100% 51 New Mexico 20.04 19.9 69% Each state is listed with its ACT score adjusted for(controlled for) participation rate. Other columns include the rank of the normedACT score, the raw average ACT score, and the participation rate. The top states are Minnesota, another stated renowned for its education, and Connecticut (also on the top SAT scores list). The bottom states on this normed ACT list are Mississippi and New Mexico. We’ve presented our results first because we know that’s what most people are looking for. However, it's important to understand why average SAT / ACT scores are important, why adjustingis critical, and how we did the norming. Below, we get into those details. Why Are Average SAT / ACT Scores by State Important? For some, knowing state average test scores is fun trivia: my state is the best and smartest. But for many students and parents, knowing state average SAT / ACT scores can be critical. For students applying for scholarships, many scholarships are more competitive in "smarter" states. For students who want to compare themselves totheir in-state peers, the scores above are also very useful. For families thinking of moving states, they may want to make sure their target state has a good education system. For researchers and education designers, this data helps them see which state systems are working and which ones may be failing. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! Why Is Adjusting (aka Controlling, or Norming)Needed? You absolutely cannot rely on raw average SAT / ACT scores to gauge state performance!This is because raw SAT / ACT scores are terribly confounded with participation rates. The reason is simple. Let's look atthe SAT. The best SAT students in any state tend to be the most aggressive about wanting to take the test (after all, it shows them in a good light). Therefore, if a state’s SAT participation is low, the state will only have the best students taking it, making the score artificially high. Likewise, if a state requires the SAT, it will have 100% participation but also include the worst SAT takers, making the score artificially low. In fact, the highest raw SAT state is North Dakota, which also has the flimsiest participation at 2%. Because the participation rate is so low, that means few, if any, schools in North Dakota require the SAT, so the only people who take it are those who really want to and went out of their way to take the test. These people likely studied for the SAT, are naturally good at the SAT, and can expect to do better than average. The lowest raw SAT state is Washington DC, which also has the highest participation at 100%. Likewise, this indicates that the district required everyone to take the SAT, so even students who didn't want to take it at all had to take it and this last group probably didn't study much and aren't naturally good at the SAT. We can see this negative relationship between participation rates and SAT / ACT scores in the two graphs below. On each X-axis, you see the participation rate expressed as a decimal (for example, .50 means half the people participated.) On the Y-axis, you see average SAT or ACT score. The pattern is stunningly clear: States with higher participation rates in either test almost always have much lower scores. Raw SAT Average Score per State vs. Participation Rate Raw ACT Average Score per State vs. Participation Rate This pattern would cause terrible bias if you were to judge a state by its raw SAT or ACT averages. You would be giving a highly unfair advantage to states with low participation rates which can showcase their best students. In fact, participation rates explain the vast majority (more than 80%) of natural variation in SAT scores and ACT scores. This means that correcting for participation rates is absolutely necessary. How Is the AdjustingDone? Basically, the adjusting is done when we take one state’s raw test scores and compare them toother states with similar participation rates. For example, take Massachusetts, with itsraw SAT average score of 1556. If you look at this score by itself, it’s not impressive pretty middle of the pack. But Massachusetts has an SAT participation rate of 84% one of the highest in the nation. Therefore, during adjustment, we compare this against a state with a similar participation rate: for example Maryland, with a rate of 78%. We see Maryland has an SAT score of 1468 and thus Massachusetts is actually very impressive when compared to peer states with similar participation rates. As a researcher with both a Master’s in statistics and a Doctorate in economics, including economic statistical methods, I ensured that the method used above is robust. That is, I made sure I used as much information as possible during norming to infer the SAT / ACT scores that each state would have gotten if they had the same participation rates. The methods I used should be rather immune to slight errors in the assumptions, and few assumptions were made to begin with. I also documented all my methods here so any other statistician can replicate my results to verify they are true [1]. How Are State Averages Useful for Students? One of the ways state average scores are most useful for students is as a peer group to compare to. If you want to know what a good, bad, or excellent SAT is or ACT score is, then these state averages provide a reference. However, you should understand that you can be more than average. You can improve your score and beat your state average, sometimes by a substantial amount, if you prep for the SAT and ACT. In fact, some of the top states in the list above, Massachusetts and Connecticut, are well-known for some of their top prep shops. Get started today! What's Next? Want to know how well you did on the SAT / ACT or what score you should be aiming for? Learn what's a good SAT score and what's a good ACT score! Interested in more information to help you understand this data? Check out average SAT scores by state and average ACT scores by state.These articles can help you understand how well your state is doing and how your test scores compare to other students within your state. Want to improve your test scores?Check out ourguides to learn 15 tips forraising your SAT score and your ACT score. [1] The full method I used was linear regression on states as observations (N=51). The regression was of both SAT scores onto participation rates on both the SAT and ACT, their interactions, and their second powers, as well as a constant. An analogous regression was made for SAT scores. The SAT score residual from this regression was added to the statewide average SAT score to get predicted SAT scores of all states if they had the same participation rate namely that of the average state. It turns out that simple one element regression of SAT scores on SAT participation rates captures the vast majority of variation of the full regression, so similar results should hold in this more robust base case. Participation rates explained up to about 80% of the variation in both SAT and ACT scores, and, therefore, this correction is substantial. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Dr. Fred Zhang About the Author Fred is co-founder of PrepScholar. He scored a perfect score on the SAT and is passionate about sharing information with aspiring students. Fred graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor's in Mathematics and a PhD in Economics. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Islam in America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islam in America - Research Paper Example In 2005, nearly 96,000 people from various Islamic countries were accepted as legal permanent United States residents. According to a 2009 Gallup poll, American Muslims are identified to be a significant racially diverse religious group in the United States. This paper will discuss the way Muslims are perceived after the World Trade Center attack of 11 September, and the factors that contribute to the numerous issues with regard to stereotyping Muslim community. It will also put forward some thoughts and strategies to address those issues. II. Causes of Stereotyping Muslims A. Radical Muslims and Extremists While analyzing Islamism in a religious, social, and political context, the acts of some of the Islamic extremists seem to be the major cause of stereotyping Muslims. The PBS television program â€Å"Jihad in America† and the popular movie â€Å"True Lies† depicting the terrorist group â€Å"Crimson Jihad† caused the Muslims to get a negative image in the Amer ican society (â€Å"Struggling against stereotypes†). Recently, the use of the term â€Å"Jihad† is found to be the central issue of Muslims stereotyping. According to the Prophet Muhammad, the extreme form of jihad is one’s personal struggle to make himself a better Muslim. On the contrary, today some Islamic extremists link the term â€Å"Jihad† to â€Å"Holy war†. Evidently, interest groups that intend to preserve their subversive ideas on the strength of religious beliefs negatively affect the Muslim community as a whole. B. 9/11 Attacks According to Ghazali, the September 11 World Trade Center attacks by al-Qaeda, which caused the death of nearly 3000 people turned to be the major cause of Muslims stereotyping in the United States. Although al-Qaeda is not an affiliate of Islam religion, most of the people believe that the whole Muslims had interest behind the attack. The attack raised dreadful socio-economic challenges to the nation, that the government adopted a strict approach toward the Muslim immigration. This shift in governmental stance also placed the Muslim community under suspicion. In addition, the al-Qaeda leader Osama Bin Laden had delivered a set of religious sensitive speeches followed by the attack, which also added to stereotyping Muslims. C. The Media showing Muslims as Terrorists One cannot undermine the role of media in growing Muslim stereotyping since the event of September 11. For instance, newspaper headlines regularly use the words ‘fanatic’, ‘militant’, ‘fundamentalist’, and ‘terrorist’ as next to the terms ‘Islam’ and ‘Muslim’. To illustrate; in 1995, the British newspaper Today (reported by Fatoohi) published heart-touching picture that depicted a fireman carrying burnt remains of a killed infant from the wreckage of a severe explosion. This picture was published along with a sensational headline: â€Å"In the name of Islam†. In addition, events such as Saddam Hussein’s wartime rhetoric and World Trade Center Bombing attained enormous media coverage as evidence of â€Å"Islamic fundamentalism† (â€Å"Struggling against stereotypes†). Media seem to have given intentional coverage to Islamic terrorism while ignoring rebellious activities of other religious groups. And, attacks against Muslim community often go unreported. Edward,

Describe the properties and functions of the smooth, skeletal and Assignment

Describe the properties and functions of the smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle. (b)Explain the sliding filament hypothesis of - Assignment Example The arrangement of these cells to form a muscle tissue is also unique as they do not form a syncytium but they contract individually or as group of cells. This property of smooth muscle allows it to contract slowly in a wave like motion making it a suitable for gastrointestinal tract. Circular and longitudinal muscles are two smooth muscles found throughout the GIT tract and are responsible for peristalsis. Smooth muscles also line the walls of the blood vessels. They play an important role, especially in the arterioles, by constricting or dilating the blood vessel thereby controlling the flow of blood. Smooth muscles are also crucial in bigger blood vessels, such as aorta, and enable them to withstand high pressure generated during systole or ventricular contraction. (Clark, 2005, p. 139) Skeletal Muscle: These are the muscles under voluntary control. Skeletal muscle is also sometimes referred to as striated muscle but this term should be avoided as cardiac muscle is also a striated muscle and leads to ambiguity. A cell of skeletal muscle is very long, up to 30cm in length, and has a cylindrical shape. The cross section size of these cells is about 10-100 micrometer. It is not surprising that cell of this length has multiple nuclei for support and survival. But these nuclei are not located at the center and rather aligned at the periphery. This is because the contractile components in the cell cytoplasm push these nuclei towards the call border. Skeleton muscles form bulk of a human body and perform various functions. They are essential for locomotion and to perform any movement of the body. Although, skeletal muscles are mostly under voluntary control they also take part in a reflex arc that does not involve the higher centers and, therefore, is an involuntary process. The contractions produced by skeletal muscles are forceful and quick as compared to the smooth muscle. (Clark, 2005, p. 139) Cardiac Muscle: Cardiac muscle is a specialized tissue perfectly ada pted to perform its function. It is the only muscle that is found in the heart. A very special property of a cardiac muscle is that is can contract on its own which mean it does not require an external stimulation. Certain specialized cardiac cells found in the sinus node, atrioventricular node and conducting fibers are capable of initiating an action potential and set up a particular rhythm for contraction of surrounding muscle cells. Due to these properties they are referred to as pace makers of the heart. Cardiac cells are arranged in a syncytium that helps them in conducting the electrical signals more efficiently. Moreover, these cells are joined to each other by special intercalated disks. These intercalated disks are actually fused cell membranes with gap junctions. Gap junctions allow fast sharing of cytoplasmic contents and help in the progression of electrical signals across this syncytium. The function of cardiac muscle is to set up its own rhythm and provide force requir ed to pump blood throughout body’s circulation. Sliding filament hypothesis of muscle contraction: The cytoskeleton and its arrangement are unique in myofibers as compared to other places in our body. The entire length of myofiber is studded in the center with large structures called myofibrils. These myofibrils are composed of two types of myofilaments; thick myofilaments and thin myofilaments. Thick myofilaments are made up of a protein called myosin. This protein has a special shape that is vital for its

Powerful and moving poem Essay Example for Free

Powerful and moving poem Essay The vulnerability of a country that is vast and until this point as pointed out â€Å"in worth and name†. Though time has passed and â€Å"smokes dark bruise/ has paled†, it is a â€Å"wound† that is exposed beneath such bruising. The personification of the smoke highlights the weakness in humans, and then being carried onto the country itself, yet it is â€Å"soothed† by nature, â€Å"dabbed at and eased by rain†. It is as if the environment is attempting to heal the ‘exposed wound’. However the use of yet use of the word â€Å"exposing† highlights the scale of this devastation; it is as though it has been uncovered and peeled back- the country’s vulnerability is exposed and it is manifested in destruction and loss. The fact that the smoke â€Å"has paled† highlights that time has passed in which the wound has become clear to onlookers, and this wound is not only literal but metaphorical- the country is injured and was exposed to threat at that precise moment. The image of the ‘half-excoriated Apple Mac’ is presented as a metaphor for the attack that has affected the big apple. The Apple-Mac is â€Å"half –excoriated†- flayed, stripped of its skin, much like the country itself. The word â€Å"excoriated† is almost onomatopoeic as it mimics the stripped flesh (which is associated with great pain). This would cause great grief across the intended audience, and it will most likely bring back memories across the listeners. It is also significant that the Apple-Mac is described to have been â€Å"half –excoriated†- flayed, stripped of its skin, which is a similarity at this point of time as the country itself; America. The fact that the computer ‘still quotes’ Dow Jones, although it would take one person’s knowledge to know that the stock markets that day had crashed. This will also show how not only did America suffer from the losses, and ruin, but they did financially. The use of â€Å"hindsight† and â€Å"retrospect† in the sixth and seventh stanzas is indicative of the time that has passed to now look back upon the attack, perhaps in disbelief, shock, horror, and in some aspects we find ourselves awing and this suggested by the reference to the â€Å"weird prospect / of a passenger plane beading an office block†. The â€Å"force† is a nameless enemy, it does not have shape or form or identifying features and this reinforces its threat and perhaps its inevitability â€Å"moving headlong forwards, locked on a collision course†. The use of locked creates the impression that such a â€Å"collision course† is indeed inescapable- there is no getting away from that which is locked, it is immoveable and in this case pre-destined. In the Last stanza Armitage recalls the time when television footage showed helpless victims jumping from the flaming towers. The worlds which â€Å"thinned to an instant† make â€Å"furious contact†- this implies a fusion of anger and great energy, the fury spelling out wrath and pain. †. This moment of time is explored by Armitage in the final stanza; â€Å"during which†- highlighting the passage of time in which the media â€Å"framed/ moments of grace†. â€Å"Earth and heaven fused. † Armitage draws together celestial and earthly beings in the collision of earth and sky, life and death, terror and peace to mere â€Å"moments. Here the knowledge of the reader is called upon as one recalls the television footage of helpless victims jumping from the flaming towers. From this we determine that Armitage has made this poem with a hidden yearn to try and move the reader and intended audience with his strong choice of words. Whilst being simplistic, they are ‘given’ power by the genre and situation they are put into. By Arjun Nazran 10H Page of 2 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Other Poets section.

Deontological Moral Theory Essay -- essays research papers

Deontological moral theory is a Non-Consequentialist moral theory. While consequentialists believe the ends always justify the means, deontologists assert that the rightness of an action is not simply dependent on maximizing the good, if that action goes against what is considered moral. It is the inherent nature of the act alone that determines its ethical standing. For example, imagine a situation where there are four critical condition patients in a hospital who each need a different organ in order to survive. Then, a healthy man comes to the doctor’s office for a routine check-up. According to consequentialism, not deontology, the doctor should and must sacrifice that one man in order to save for others. Thus, maximizing the good. However, deontological thought contests this way of thinking by contending that it is immoral to kill the innocent despite the fact one would be maximizing the good. Deontologists create concrete distinctions between what is moral right and wron g and use their morals as a guide when making choices. Deontologists generate restrictions against maximizing the good when it interferes with moral standards. Also, since deontologists place a high value on the individual, in some instances it is permissible not to maximize the good when it is detrimental to yourself. For example, one does not need to impoverish oneself to the point of worthlessness simply to satisfy one’s moral obligations. Deontology can be looked at as a generally flexible moral theory that allows for self-interpretation but like all others theories studied thus far, there are arguments one can make against its reasoning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One objection to deontological moral theory is that the theory yields only absolutes and cannot always justify its standpoints. Actions are either classified as right or wrong with no allowance for a gray area. Furthermore, the strict guidelines tend to conflict with commonly accepted actions. For example, lying is always considered morally wrong--even a â€Å"white lie.† Therefore, one must not lie even if it does more good. In our society although individuals accept lying as being morally wrong, â€Å"white lies† have become an exception. Only having absolutes creates a theory that is extremely hard only to abide by, especially when deontological though permits you from making a choice when that choice would clearly be optimal... ...individual beliefs, one can form their own educated opinions regarding what kind of action he should take. Morals are also not always concrete. Relativist thought contends each group of people may contain different morals. From that opinion, one may assert that morals themselves are not absolute. Still, deontological moral theory provides a strong base for making correct decisions. There are few realistic exceptions to the theory and one can easily notice when an exception is to be made.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So, knowing that deontology creates a valuable beginning for a strong moral theory, one can simply interpret the theory less strictly. Deontology can be a quite appealing theory when not taken so literally. Clearly, one has morals they consider more important than others. If the theory is adjust for this idea, the notion of moral dilemmas is eliminated and one would be allowed to lie if it saved lives. Deontology when looked at loosely is simply a moral theory that says we have morals and we need to consider them when making decisions. Therefore, one may conclude that the overall principles or deontology are correct and that this moral theory should not be dismissed.

What a Black Man Wants Rhetorical Analysis

Fredrick Douglas wrote and presented his What the Black Man Wants speech during the post civil war time period to demonstrate his straightforward views on the fact that even though the black race had just acquired freedom, they remained without equality and civil rights which gave their current freedom no meaning. Throughout his entire speech, Douglas rules over his audience with his parallel and emotional diction choice along with his assertive tone shifting towards anger and the answering of his own questions multiple times to emphasize his seriousness.When Fredrick speaks to his audience, he does not choose all his words with the separation of blacks and whites in mind. He uses words such as â€Å"our†, â€Å"my friends† , or â€Å"my fellow men†, which he uses whenever he talks of his race’s desires. His words combine the whites and blacks as one, displaying to his audience that despite the discrimination, Douglas still believes that everyone is all pa rt of the same family. He places these including words all throughout his speech, assisting in the audiences grip of what Douglas wants them to know.He wants them to know everything he views about his desires for civil rights and is confidently upfront about it, using phrases such as â€Å"I want†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"All i ask for is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  in a parallel structure that way the audience does not miss one single detail. This is why throughout the entirety of his speech a lot of the same equality words resurface, and the repetitive use of the same phrases, typically starting with â€Å"I†, or â€Å"We†, or â€Å"Us†, do so as well.Again, he does this on purpose that way every point he makes and every desire he wishes to see fulfilled is imbedded in each audience members mind, and hopefully sparks a desire in at least one of them for a change. Although Fredrick approaches his diction choice with an emotional and parallel structure, his assertive tone is w hat is really at work. His entire purpose, in short, is to persuade people towards equal treatment of races and civil rights for black people.He states what he wants, backs it up with his intense emotional views and points he wants to make, and uses the same sentence structure throughout the whole speech so that the audience does not miss a beat. Fredrick openly says in the second paragraph, â€Å"I do not agree with this. †, when talking about the objection of the premature Negro’s rights to suffrage. He openly discusses his emotions towards other topics of conflict as well without any fear. In paragraph three he gladly admits, â€Å"†¦women, as well as men, have the right to vote, and my heart and voice go with the movement to extend suffrage to women†¦Ã¢â‚¬ This sentence adds rocket fuel to Fredricks lunar expedition to justice. During his time period, women’s suffrage was almost as sought for as Black’s suffrage, therefore by extending his wishes for civil rights to the opposite gender and race he wins the favor of most women further strengthening his purpose. His attitude strengthens as well come paragraph four. His tone shifts from being assertive to angry.He starts exclaiming his thoughts on the white folks need for antagonising; how they should â€Å"Do nothing with us! † a instead of harassing a black man they should, â€Å"Let him alone! You see him on his way to school, let him alone, don’t disturb him! † His anger creates an emotional anchor in the audience that isn’t sympathy like he requested no one to have, but guilt. Just as seen in the scarlet letter, guilt holds more power over other individuals than anything else, therefore this anchor will hopefully set forth the action to change within his audience.Douglas uses his deeply assertive tone to address multiple rhetorical questions that hold high significance to him. There is a recurring pattern as well. He asks each question a t a minimum of two times each, immediately provided the answer to the specific question, stating the answer a few times as well, or even answering it with another question like he did in paragraph three when he says, â€Å"Why do we want it?†¦ This is the sufficient answer. Shall we at this moment justify the deprivation of the Negro of the right to vote, because someone else is deprived of that privilege?†These questions he asks come directly from the white people, and maintain high topics of interest to Douglas. That’s why when he goes over each one, he tends to be more and more assertive and angry as he nears the end. He wants nothing more than to spark a change. He hopes that by making an emotional impact while dropping an anchor on top of them with all black peoples thoughts carved into it, that they will take responsibility and for once make justice.His rhetorical question from paragraph four where he imitates, â€Å"What shall we do  with the Negro? â₠¬ , his answer of â€Å"Do nothing! Leave him alone! † is an example of him being the spokesman for his race. Although this is demonstrated throughout the entire speech, it is more so present in the questions in the third and fourth paragraphs. He took a whole new approach and stated his opinions with a hope that his audience would make the right choice with the info. Just the fact that he presents this speech after the civil war when they were granted freedom really intensifies the problem of civil justice.Fredrick Douglas showed his audience that that freedom they had acquired honestly hardly meant a thing besides the fact that they couldn’t be owned anymore and could attend schools. Not only was his audience impacted but his fellow citizens as well. Through his parallel and heavy diction choice combined with his intense tone, and his direct focus on making sure that white people understood the answers to all the questions and points of view, his speech with heavy h opes would inspire the few good-hearted people out there to spark that needed change in racial justice. What a Black Man Wants Rhetorical Analysis Fredrick Douglas wrote and presented his What the Black Man Wants speech during the post civil war time period to demonstrate his straightforward views on the fact that even though the black race had just acquired freedom, they remained without equality and civil rights which gave their current freedom no meaning. Throughout his entire speech, Douglas rules over his audience with his parallel and emotional diction choice along with his assertive tone shifting towards anger and the answering of his own questions multiple times to emphasize his seriousness.When Fredrick speaks to his audience, he does not choose all his words with the separation of blacks and whites in mind. He uses words such as â€Å"our†, â€Å"my friends† , or â€Å"my fellow men†, which he uses whenever he talks of his race’s desires. His words combine the whites and blacks as one, displaying to his audience that despite the discrimination, Douglas still believes that everyone is all pa rt of the same family. He places these including words all throughout his speech, assisting in the audiences grip of what Douglas wants them to know.He wants them to know everything he views about his desires for civil rights and is confidently upfront about it, using phrases such as â€Å"I want†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"All i ask for is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  in a parallel structure that way the audience does not miss one single detail. This is why throughout the entirety of his speech a lot of the same equality words resurface, and the repetitive use of the same phrases, typically starting with â€Å"I†, or â€Å"We†, or â€Å"Us†, do so as well.Again, he does this on purpose that way every point he makes and every desire he wishes to see fulfilled is imbedded in each audience members mind, and hopefully sparks a desire in at least one of them for a change. Although Fredrick approaches his diction choice with an emotional and parallel structure, his assertive tone is w hat is really at work. His entire purpose, in short, is to persuade people towards equal treatment of races and civil rights for black people.He states what he wants, backs it up with his intense emotional views and points he wants to make, and uses the same sentence structure throughout the whole speech so that the audience does not miss a beat. Fredrick openly says in the second paragraph, â€Å"I do not agree with this. †, when talking about the objection of the premature Negro’s rights to suffrage. He openly discusses his emotions towards other topics of conflict as well without any fear.In paragraph three he gladly admits, â€Å"†¦women, as well as men, have the right to vote, and my heart and voice go with the movement to extend suffrage to women†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This sentence adds rocket fuel to Fredricks lunar expedition to justice. During his time period, women’s suffrage was almost as sought for as Black’s suffrage, therefore by extending his wishes for civil rights to the opposite gender and race he wins the favor of most women further strengthening his purpose. His attitude strengthens as well come paragraph four. His tone shifts from being assertive to angry.He starts exclaiming his thoughts on the white folks need for antagonising; how they should â€Å"Do nothing with us! † a instead of harassing a black man they should, â€Å"Let him alone! You see him on his way to school, let him alone, don’t disturb him! † His anger creates an emotional anchor in the audience that isn’t sympathy like he requested no one to have, but guilt. Just as seen in the scarlet letter, guilt holds more power over other individuals than anything else, therefore this anchor will hopefully set forth the action to change within his audience.Douglas uses his deeply assertive tone to address multiple rhetorical questions that hold high significance to him. There is a recurring pattern as well. He asks each question a t a minimum of two times each, immediately provided the answer to the specific question, stating the answer a few times as well, or even answering it with another question like he did in paragraph three when he says, â€Å"Why do we want it?†¦ This is the sufficient answer. Shall we at this moment justify the deprivation of the Negro of the right to vote, because someone else is deprived of that privilege?†These questions he asks come directly from the white people, and maintain high topics of interest to Douglas. That’s why when he goes over each one, he tends to be more and more assertive and angry as he nears the end. He wants nothing more than to spark a change. He hopes that by making an emotional impact while dropping an anchor on top of them with all black peoples thoughts carved into it, that they will take responsibility and for once make justice.His rhetorical question from paragraph four where he imitates, â€Å"What shall we dowith the Negro? †, his answer of â€Å"Do nothing! Leave him alone! † is an example of him being the spokesman for his race. Although this is demonstrated throughout the entire speech, it is more so present in the questions in the third and fourth paragraphs. He took a whole new approach and stated his opinions with a hope that his audience would make the right choice with the info. Just the fact that he presents this speech after the civil war when they were granted freedom really intensifies the problem of civil justice.Fredrick Douglas showed his audience that that freedom they had acquired honestly hardly meant a thing besides the fact that they couldn’t be owned anymore and could attend schools. Not only was his audience impacted but his fellow citizens as well. Through his parallel and heavy diction choice combined with his intense tone, and his direct focus on making sure that white people understood the answers to all the questions and points of view, his speech with heavy hopes would inspire the few good-hearted people out there to spark that needed change in racial justice.

Philosophical concept Essay

The Coyote Ugly last 2000: Shy, aspiring songwriter Violet overcomes her stage fright, gets the man of her dreams and is offered a major recording contract after making drinks on top of a bar, clad basically in her skivvies. The movie Coyote Ugly inspire people about the striving of one person to fulfill her dream and overcoming all the hardship in life. The straggle of one person to overcome her fears with the help of people surrounding her in order to survive the big city. This movie symbolizes the growth of a person physically, emotionally, and socially. In this film the client will be immersed in a process of in-depth examination of the meaning and power of images. Images, in fact, are never neutral; their effect is that of conditioning the observer. It is vital, thus, to carry out an analysis of what an image actually is. Image based thinking will be considered both in relation to the creative process and to problem solving. The counseling will start with the philosophical concept of an idea as a mental representation. The symbolism of dreams should be evaluated in order to understand the close relationship between images and the unconscious. The psychoanalytical proposition that a film may be considered the film director’s dream will be closely scrutinized. The concept of Cinematherapy is rooted in the awareness that the film viewer is conditioned by his or her individual life experience, and this in turn makes the viewer’s perception highly unique. The viewer’s intimate interior world and life experiences condition perception of the film, and result in a highly subjective interpretation. This is due to the fact that the viewer assimilates only certain images and edits out others, all on the basis of unique individual experiences. The study of Cinematherapy will enable the viewer to understand the underlying causes of certain emotions experienced during a film, and will shed light on certain aspects of one’s own personality and on how others view the same situation. â€Å"Mining the gold† in movies means uncovering our hidden finest attributes by understanding how we project these virtues on film heroes and heroines. Identifying with a character can help us to develop inner strength as we recall forgotten inner resources and become aware of the right opportunity for those resources to be applied. Like dream work, cinema therapy allows us to gain awareness of our deeper layers of consciousness to help us move toward new perspectives or behavior as well as healing and integration of the total self. As observing helps us to â€Å"step back†, the bigger picture becomes more obvious. This way, watching screen movies helps us learn to understand ourselves and others more deeply in the â€Å"big movie† of our life. In identifying the presenting problems and goals for therapy the questions that are appropriate are by asking yourself, why would this client benefit from a cinematherapy intervention? What would this client get out of it? Can the intervention be tied back to the treatment plan? In assessing clients’ strengths such as interests, hobbies, activities, and type of employment the questions are What type of film would benefit this client: Standard movie, documentary, or instructional? What type of genre would they prefer: Comedy, drama, or science fiction? In determination of the clients’ ability to understand the content of the film and recognize similarities and differences between themselves and the characters the questions are Will the client understand how to use the film as metaphor for their own life? Do they have the mental capabilities to participate in processing the content? Do they recognize the difference between fantasy and reality? By taking into account issues of diversity when choosing a film the questions suitable is Will the film be offensive, or be distracting from the real purpose of the assignment? The therapist should always watch the movie before assigning it. This is so you can process the movie with the client, or know the significant parts to discuss later. Also, it saves time from apologizing for a scene that offended the client or his/her parents. Preparation is essential to cinematherapy. The therapist should provide clients with a rationale for assigning a film. REFERENCE Berg-Cross L. , Jennings, P. & Baruch, R . (1990). Cinematherapy: Theory and Application . In: Psychotherapy in Private Practice 8, no. 1, 135-157 Peske, Nancy and Beverly West (1999) Cinematherapy: The Girl’s Guide to Movies For Every Mood. New York: Dell Ulus, Fuat(2003) Movie Therapy, Moving Therapy! The Healing Power of Film Clips in Therapeutic Settings. New Bern: Trafford Publishing. Tyson, L. , Foster, L. , & Jones, C. (2000). The process of cinematherapy as a therapeutic intervention. Alabama Counseling Association Journal,26(1), 35-41

Four Generations of Chinese Leaders Essay

Four Generations of Chinese Leaders Essay Four Generations of Chinese Leaders Essay Example Four Generations of Chinese Leaders Essay Example China has experienced changes in ruling regimes that both faced difficulties and sought to solve them. The rulers experienced some achievements as well as failures, since no ruler is perfect. Some of them rose to power through fighting, while some rose through the peaceful handover of power. This paper seeks to examine the four ruling generations from 1949 to 2012 and the problems that these rulers left behind. Background of the Leaders Mao Zedong, the Chinese leader (1949-1976), was born in 1893 in a family of the wealthy agriculturalist. His political ambitions influenced his contribution to the formation of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 as well as the Red army that confronted the rival Nationalists. The two parties have forged an alliance with Japan in the World War II, which was terminated in 1949, and a civil war that led to the Mao’s rise to power emerged. Mao was replaced in 1979 by Deng Xiaoping, who ruled until 1992 when Jiang Zemin rose to power. Zemin was born in 1926 in Yangzhou Province and, after graduating from university, worked in Russia in the 1950s. He joined the Communist Party upon return, becoming a Minister of Electronic Industry in 1983. Jiang was replaced through a peaceful handing over by Hu Jintao, who ruled from 2002 to 2012. Hu Jintao was born in Jiangsu province from a poor background: however, he studied up to the university level and became an engineer in 1965. In 1980, h e was discovered by his future benefactor Song Ping who assisted him when he assumed leadership positions in the Central Party. Afterwards, he served as the deputy president from 1998 until he received the presidency in 2002. All the above leaders like any other leader had both achievements and failures in the social, economic, and political spheres, thus none of them was considered impeccable. It is, therefore, worth noting that the leaders not only improved the Chinese status, but also left some areas unaddressed. Below is a comparison of the legacy left by the four leaders in different spheres. Economic Spheres Mao Zedong’s Contribution Mao initiated economic reforms that aimed at transforming China from an agricultural to an industrial society through the Great Leap Forward of 1958-1961. He promoted the development of steel furnaces in villages and urban areas, increasing the steel production as well as providing employment opportunities outside the agricultural sector. He also collectivized agricultural production by encouraging communal farming as opposed to the individual/private farming. However, his industrialization attempts caused the Great Chinese Famine that claimed many lives. The famine resulted from the shortage of labor needed in the agricultural sector in the harvesting seasons. Accordingly, most of the workers had gone to steel production and this led to rotting of grain in farms. It is also said that the urban population at the time had consumption rights over a given amount of grain compared to the rural populations, causing the starvation for the latter. Deng Xiaoping’s Contribution Xiaoping promoted economic development through an open door policy to encourage foreign investors to invest their technology and capital into the Chinese land. This impact reduced foreign borrowing as well as boosted the domestic production rising the foreign exchange earnings. He designated several coastal towns, such as Shenzhen and Shantou, as the Special Economic Zones for receiving foreign investments and transmitting them to the interior. He also liberalized trade in the areas: hence, increasing local as well as foreign investment. Furthermore, he liberalized trade and encouraged the formation of light industries, empowering the farmers. Jiang Zemin’s Contribution Jiang Zemin promoted economic growth through improved international relations, especially with Russia and the United States. He transformed China from a centralized socialist into a capitalist market economy under government control. He also funded the Special Economic Zones as well as the coastal cities to promote economic development. He appointed Zhu Rongji as the head of the economic sector, and inluenced the rise of Gross Domestic Product value. However, it was alleged that the appointment was inspired by nepotism, because Zhu was his supporter. He was also criticized for concentrating too much on economic growth, while disregarding its implications on the environment. In addition, his developmental approach is also said to have failed in bridging the gap between the rich and the poor. Hu Jintao’s Contribution Jintao reinstated state control over some economic sectors, and this witnessed the economic growth and development of China to regain a status of a world power. His regime led China through the global financial crisis, and the country emerged victorious. He improved the infrastructure, thus promoting the Chinese image. Moreover, among the key achievements are hosting the 2008 Olympic Games and the 2010 Shanghai Expo. He also coined the Scientific Development Concept to promote the economic development of China. Additionally, he eliminated state extravagance by discarding ceremonies such as the seeing off and welcoming the president from foreign missions. Furthermore, he pursued soft power relations that encouraged international trade as well as Chinese influence in the Latin America, Africa, and other developing regions. Legal Reforms and Peace/Stability Role of Mao Zedong Maos regime modified the legislations concerning the land ownership to promote equality by transferring huge pieces of land owned by the wealthy in ranches to the landless poor. His government allocated land to the farmers, while the industrial sector remained under the state control. Private farming was replaced by collective farming that implied several households managing their farms collectively. However, the collectivization of agriculture was not fully successful, as it contributed to the Great Chinese Famine that claimed millions of lives. His regime also experienced lawlessness as militia massacred a lot of people, for instance, Xinuyang lost many people in 1960. During his regime, there was a massive destruction of property and numerous houses were demolished. The process of land reforms also led to the elimination of the previous landowners. Consequently, such regime was accused of human rights violation through the concentration camp system that imprisoning people for exce ssively long terms without proper court authorization or the right to appeal. Deng Xiaoping’s Role During his regime, Xiaoping decentralized the Chinese economy, although still upholding the socialist values. He promoted law and order to provide a good environment for trade, unlike the Maos regime`s lawlessness. He formulated laws and guidelines to direct foreign investment, and relations, which were meant for their protection, such as: Equity Joint Venture, Foreign Capital Enterprise Law, and the Chinese Corporate Ventures Law. However, the legal reforms were not quite successful, as his era tolerated elongated the same unjust imprisonment terms. Additionally, Xiaoping disregarded the issue of human rights by using excessive force in the Tiananmen Square protests in 1989, leading to a large number of deaths. Jiang Zemin’s Role Zemin contributed to the restoration of order in China by crushing the Falun Gong movement that had millions of members and was a threat to the national security. Even though his bid to uphold stability was rational, the barbaric means that entailed abuse of human rights had exceeded the necessity of order. He engaged in the imprisonment of several thousands of people and forceful re-education of the practitioners through labor. The effects of the crackdown were disastrous, taking numerous lives between 2000 and 2008. Hu Jintao’s role Jintao embraced peace and stability, adopting the use of conservative policies to eliminate social unrest, ethnic-based protests and people who posed a threat to the national security. He sought a reserved and a gentle leadership style based on consensus and dialogue, as well as politics relying on technocracy. As a consequence, this way of leadership propelled China to great heights and left the guiding trail for the future leaders. The resulting stability led to increased trade and investment that helped the country develop resilience during the global financial crisis. Cultural Revolution Mao Zedong’s Regime Mao transformed the Chinese from individualistic to a collectivist society through the repossession of the huge pieces of land owned by the nobles to the farmers. He also introduced and encouraged the steel industry that saw the increased industrialization and the consequent advancement of steel production. However, industrialization diminished labor in the agricultural sector, while collective farming led to the poor grain reservation that contributed to the Great Chinese Famine. Deng Xiaoping’s Regime Xiaoping contributed to the Cultural Revolution through the encouragement of foreign investment through the open door policy as well as the establishment of the Special Economic Zones to facilitate the transfer of capital and investment from the coast to the interior. He also developed the infrastructure such as roads and ports to promote trade. Additionally, he decentralized the economy to encourage technological transfer. His focus on exports helped him encourage the establishment of light industries as well as trade liberalization. He reversed the collectivization of agriculture and encouraged household responsibility by dividing the communal land among farmers, thus empowering the peasants. In addition, he encouraged the growth of cash crops and the establishment of private business. Jiang Zemin’s Regime Zemin promoted Cultural Revolution by changing the Chinese centralized socialist into a capitalist market economy regulated by the government. He introduced the theory of the Three Represents that was to guide the country towards the economic production, cultural development, and political consensus. The theory called for the introduction of capitalist business, the shift from protecting the poor to the focus of the majority, and the rise of the entrepreneurial class. Hu Jintao’s Regime Jintao contributed to the Cultural Revolution by promoting equality in the socioeconomic spheres through the Scientific Development Concept aimed at creating a harmonious socialist society free from social strife and conflicts. In addition, he strengthened the spirit of the Republic by identifying some evils and encouraging people as well as leaders to avoid them. These vices included doing harm to the country, betraying the people, perpetuating ignorance, indolence, exploiting others, lawlessness, and luxurious lives. Corruption and Wastage of Public Funds Upon his rise to power, Xi Jinping acknowledged the challenge of corruption and his need, therefore, to formulate rules to curb the vice as well as the wastage of public funds during the official activities. He targeted those perpetuating the malicious acts from the smallest to the highest office. In detail, early in his first term, he embarked on prosecuting some officials such as the former vice-chairman of the Central Military Commission as well as the security chief of the Politburo Standing Committee and the chief aide to the former president Hu Jintao. The campaign was the biggest in the history of the contemporary China, thus proving the intensity of the matter. Legal Reforms The legal system requires adjustment to facilitate the rule of law in China. The judicial processes are perceived as ineffective in the delivery of justice, and the major causes are; corruption, lack of oversight, and the interference of the local government. These issues require increased constitutional role in the judicial system and processes in order to restore justice and a good image both in the eyes of the public and the international actors. China has undergone several transitions of power, both violent and peaceful. The respective leaders have contributed both positively and negatively to the economic sector, Cultural Revolution, legal reforms. Among the key achievements are industrialization and collectivization of agriculture in the Mao era that boosted steel production as well as triggered a devastating famine. Xiaoping also improved the economy through an open door policy to promote foreign change, but his legal reforms failed, especially his reaction to the Tiananmen protests. Jiang Zemins regime boosted the GDP, but he was accused of promoting nepotism by appointing his allies more beneficial jobs. Additionally, he could not bridge the gap between the rich and the poor. Hu Jintao is hailed for promoting economic development and restoring China in a status of world power. He, however, did not solve the menace of corruption, influencing negatively his successors regime.

The 5 Best Content Marketing Tips Youll Ever Read

The 5 Best Content Marketing Tips Youll Ever Read Just a few weeks ago, I was at a social media conference speaking about one of the more advanced topics of content marketing. All went well,  until I was done speaking. As I left the stage, I was immediately greeted by an audience member who had a both a complaint and a question. The complaint was that nothing I just said made any sense to her. She was new to  this stuff. My bad. The question, on the other hand, was pretty simple how do I get started? How do I make sure my content  marketing works, and doesnt just follow the fad? Great question, and one that you should be asking as well. Whenever I get this question, there are five  best  content marketing tips  that I quickly rattle off. This  business owner was eating them up, and I soon realized that this was good stuff. More people need to know about them,  I thought. So, here they are.  This is the stuff we all need to hear  every once and awhile. This is how to write a good blog and make sure your effort actually pays off. They are my best  content marketing tips. Heres  how to write a good blog and make sure your effort actually pays off. Tip #1 – You Need A Blog To Tell Your Story Step one, you need a blog. It doesnt really matter how big you are – you need one. While youre at it, you should make sure that its built on WordPress. It will give you he most flexibility down the road. In addition, you need to know why you need a blog. If you work in a company, you are going to need to justify this blog to someone eventually. If you are a small business owner, you are going to need to justify the time invested to  yourself because lets face it – youre it. Your time is your greatest asset. Every business has a story, and its up to you to make sure your story is told. One of the first things you learn in business is that people connect to people, not your brand or a faceless corporation. A blog can tell your story, share you expertise, and provide you with a human connection to your customers. In other words, you need this. One of the first things you learn in business is that people connect to people, not brands orIn addition, your blog is one of the keys to your social media awesomeness. I often refer to this as the hub and spoke model. The content that you create on your blog  (or  website) is the hub – its the place that will set the tone for your social media messaging. Use your blog content as your platform, and let the your social media content flow from there. Tip #2 – You Need An Email Marketing Program Social media. Social media. Social media. These days, its just about all you hear about. It is super important, but it may not be the most important part of your online marketing strategy. The reality is that email marketing still converts better than social media. And, it  is easier to do well. Heres what you need to do: Make sure there is a way for your readers to follow or subscribe  to your blog when they come visit. We cover several free plugins for collecting leads  here. Connect your blog to your email marketing program. As you post new content, make sure it is sent automatically to your audience. In addition, you can also send a summary email once a week, promoting your most recent content in a newsletter style format. This is exactly what we do with our own Content Marketing Update. Another more advanced option is to work your way toward  creating an  email marketing auto responder course. These courses are a great way to build your email list and gain trust with your audience. We will often reuse our own blog posts to create these useful tools. Take note, that you can also do this with a great ebook or free downloadable worksheet. The best part of the email marketing program is that you will create constant touch points with your audience. This is good for everyone. Your audience  will get helpful and interesting information, and you will constantly ensure that your content has an audience following along. This builds trust, and thats a win-win. Tip #3 – You Need To Know What Your Customers Actually Want To Hear From You One of the biggest struggles that marketers make is not understanding their audience. What does your audience really want to hear about? What can you say on your blog that will actually  resonate with them? There are a few strategies that we emphasize here at , including using data from Google Analytics  and something that we call  expanding your content core.   Lots of new businesses get started by spending a ton of time talking about their own business. This is a mistake. Yes, you need to tell your story, but not like that. Rather, you need to figure out what your audience wants to know. There are a few easy ways to make this happen. Talk to your receptionist. What are the questions your customers ask when they first call your office? The woman I spoke to at the conference ran a salon and massage company. For her, it might be finding out the questions that her attendants are being  asked time and time again. Theres know better way to discover what your customers want to hear than asking the people that know your customers the best. Try to figure out what they are searching for. 60% of purchases made by consumers now  start with a search on  Google.  Thats astounding.  Take advantage of this and address those searches with your own blog content using a keyword-based strategy. Watch what your current customers are saying on social media. Follow your customers on social media and pay close attention to what they are talking about.  You can use a tool like Mention to monitor broad topics and industry discussion effectively. This listening strategy can be an efficient way to learn. Ask them. Sometimes all you need to do is ask  your audience what you  could write about that would hold their  interest. Their ideas might surprise you. The bottom line is that you cant do effective online marketing without understanding your audience. Spend some time researching this before you get too far. Once you can easily compile your data into reader personas youve gone far enough. Tip #4 – You Need To Learn How To Write For The Web Researcher Jacob Neilson confirmed that readers are more likely to scan our content than they are to read every word. In order to make your content consumable, you need to make sure it is properly formatted for online use. There are many ways to make sure that your content is readable. Here are a few  you can implement right away. highlighted  keywords  (hypertext links serve as one form of highlighting; typeface variations and color are others) meaningful  sub-headings  (not â€Å"clever† ones) bulleted  lists one idea  per paragraph (users will skip over any additional ideas if they are not caught by the first few words in the paragraph) the  inverted pyramid  style, starting with the conclusion half the word count  (or less) than conventional writing This is an important topic, as there are many other things to consider, such as mobile devices and outside distractions that happen when your audience is reading your content. For an in-depth look at getting your content read check out this recent post. Tip #5 – You   Need An Editorial Calendar I am a huge believer in setting goals, making a plan, and forcing yourself to stick with it. If you want your marketing to be any good, you are going to need to do  the same.  Often times, many marketers may take the more casual approach to blogging and social media scheduling – only posting when they have an idea, or at a moment of inspiration. This wont work. When you  leave your marketing up to chance, chances are it will never actually  happen. Thats why you need an editorial calendar.